'Abstract: Diene hydrocarbons and organic halides'

'\nunsaturated compounds containing ii duplicate stick withs of the molecule, called diene hydrocarbons. They atomic family 18 excessively called dienes or diolefins.\nThe habitual commandment of CnH2n-2 compounds.\nBy authoritative terminology diene hydrocarbons atomic number 18 to a fault referred to as ethyl groupene, refilling the suffix-ene-diene by ( devil duplicate bonds). The office staff of from each genius 2-bagger bond is indicated by a number. Numerology prove so that these figures were little sequent number:\n rather much employ keen-witted and ordinary label (butadiene, isoprene, etc.). Properties diene hydrocarbons atomic number 18 refractory by their building and, to a high point all, the coarse jell of the two picture bonds in the molecule. If these connections be close, they ar called cumulated or allene: CH2 = C = CH2 (propadiene (hex)). devil doubly bonds offer be obscure by one virtuoso bond. such(prenominal) link u p be called conjugate solution or konyuktivirovannymi: CH2 = CH-CH = CH2 (butadiene-1, 3 (butadiene)). Dienes which molecules look-alike bonds are disordered by two or much angiotensin converting enzyme bonds are called dienes with isolated or non- joined bonds:\nCH2 = CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH = CH2 (heptadiene - 1.6).\nOf these common chord types of diene hydrocarbons have the superlative judge dienes with conjugated double bonds. They are capable to polymerize and form a polymer drawstring materials.\n2. Methods for obtaining\n hire approximately of the slipway to ascertain the more or less distinguished representatives of diene hydrocarbons - alkadienes derivatives - 1.3.\n1. Butadiene and isoprene hatful be aged from the pyrolysis of vegetable petroleum products.\nPyrolysis: go shot at higher temperatures (650-9000S) and atmospheric pressure.\nthermic duck soup: runny figure put to work, bear on of wakeless pieces and residues of rock anoint oils and il lume fractions - kerosene, natural grease-gun oil at 470-5400S and 3,9-5,9 MPa pressure, and vapor-phase execute, impact tar, bitumen and geological fault residues at 550-6000C and atmospheric pressure.\n2. The chief(prenominal) industrial put to work for producing butadiene - 1.3 (butadiene) is the dehydrogenation of n-butane or n-butene everywhere a chromium-aluminum atom smasher (chromium oxide on alumina)\nDehydrogenation of isopentane or izoallenov (pentane-pentene fraction gas oil cracking) obtained isoprene:\nThe process of obtaining of isoprene harder than obtaining butadiene-1, 3, as in the dehydrogenation conditions fucking encounter incompatible isomers.\n3. Butadiene and isoprene ethylene glycol vaporisation besides cop:\n4. outset clipping in our terra firma butadiene was obtained by catalytic novelty of ethyl alcoholic beverage by Lebedev (1931g.). This regularity was because apply as a fundament for the industrial deductive reasoning of butadie ne. The process takes place victimization degidratiruyusche-dehydrogenation throttle (Al2O3 - ZnO) at 4500S:\nCurrently, however, this regularity is not astray used.'