The Media And The Economics Of Sport Sport Essay

The Media And The political thriftiness Of Sport Sport EssayThis essay analyses the kindred amid mutation and media and how they affect each an early(a)(prenominal) in the moderne world. It uses whatsoever practical cases to demonstrate what fun brings to media when gambling enters into the media field and what media brings to sport when media come into the sports sphere. In addition, in that respect will be a comparison between sports and media in the West and in China.Background of sport and media Regarding the reading of sport and media, actually (199814) stated that the world of sports in the age of mass media has been transformed from nineteenth century amateur recreational participation to late twentieth and primordial twenty- commencement ceremony century spectator-centered technology and bu infernal regioness. In the past, sport was effective defined as a competitive and organized sensual activity. Moreover, nearly participants consisted of sports enthusiast s and their goal was to gain much happiness from sport. However, after undergoing more than a century of reform and changes, the present concept of sport straightway refers to other(a) industries, such as media, economics and culture. In these industries, sport and media shake off an patent spousals relationship in orbicular sport. In terms of the media, it merchant ship be considered as a collective noun of diverse types of media (What is media, two hundred5). It contains many communicative paths in different fields, such as television, wireless, newsworthinessworthinesspaper and internet. Nevertheless, with the broad(prenominal) rouse of sport maturement and popularity, more and more population ar reservoir to focus on sport events and relevant sport industries. Due to the change magnitude number of spectators, media has get down an indispensable pathway for the sports pains service whilst it is a good combination between media and sport. Actually, Sc hirato (200782) stated that the 1936 Berlin exceeding Games presaged a cultivation which is by now really familiar to us about the integration of sport into the field of the media. Through the advocate of media, it promotes sports events throughout the world and possesses more kinds of new demographics. Modern sport and media developed into the globalWith more and more master key sport events and international level mega sport events held, the developing angle of dip of sport and media turns to globalization. One typical example is the modern Olympic Games it attracts the assistance of sports spectators worldwide because of the establishment of the Main Press Centre (MPC) and multinational publicize Centre (IBC). Certainly, the wager alike tramp promote many modes of media transmitting culture, for instance newspaper bargains, development of discourse technology, gaind radio, television ratings and ad revenue (Schirato, 2007). Sports curriculuming is a necessary a nd essential element to stimulate the sport and media to come into a global period. Purchasing the TV rights is star of the best ways to expand global media reporting. It will give pledge and escalate the interest of sports events and sports gilds, lag enhancing the price of sports events, sport merchandise sales, the benefits from advertisers and sport sponsor supporting. The final goal is to gain close to money from these aspects. Ashutosh Srivastava (2007) as a CEO of Singapore-based MindSh be Asia Pacific give tongue to that there is no great dramatic product like sports, it bunghole take on emotions running lofty and rent people glued to the sporting action either on the field or on television sets. Under the global economics environment, sport and media are also entering into the time of commoditization and commercialism. Some sports clubs have begun to operate a business management seat they consider their superior sportsmen as commodities which can be traded w ith other sports clubs thereby obtaining the profit from the beam fee. David Beckham is one of the biggest deals, his transfer fee touched 24.5 cardinal when he was sell from Manchester United to the Spanish giants Real Madrid (Beckham joins Real Madrid, 2003). Since the appearance of sports stars, some commercial businesses have developed, such as merchandising with reference to sports stars, souvenirs from the sports stars club and some business activities using sports stars as an ambassador. All of these are so significant that sports clubs can conk out hunt for and extend their fans bases worldwide hatefulwhile in order to maximize their revenue. The relationship of sport and mediaCurrently, sport and media can be called a perfect combination in todays society. They have foregone beyond simple(a) reporting relationship between sport and media, and have formed a mutual promotion and normal development of the situation. Sports and media now belong to a dawn intentness now . In the context of industrial co operating room this is inevi duck and the outlook will be very good. The relationship between sports and the media can be said to be long. When the ancient Greeks Feilibisi drawd a long run from the town of Marathon to Athens and declared a message of peace, it means sports and information dissemination had been relate inextricably. Furthermore, reporting entered the media stage, sports news was one of the main contents of the media. As early as ascorbic acid years ago, the United States sports journalist Pulitzer took the media to attract interview contact as one of the three magic weapons the other two were scandal and sin (Wang, 2003). At the present day, his insight is even more confirmed. Not to reference point the constant bombardment of sports coverage. Light from the endless landscape of sports newspapers and unlimited professional sports channels can be seen. Sport as one of the most common activities for entertainment, certainly can at tract much attention, so the change magnitude popularity of the sports media is also a matter of course. However, the media which focuses greatly on sport, not all depends on this basic reason, but is also relevant with its own singularitys of sports reporting.The first feature is sports reporting, sports news with fun, emotion and entertainment, as well as sports which are inseparable from its characteristics. On Sports, the dictionary has this explanation An entertainment activity which requires physical strength, wisdom and skill of the game or sports, it requires physical strength more or less, according to the traditional form or set of rules, and sometimes as a career in outdoor or indoor. Sport, in itself (especially competitive sports), is a colorful process. Often, it makes the results unpredictable and fun. Therefore, spectators can watch sports aside from the pressure of life experiencing physical and mental pleasure. Thus sport has become an indispensable part of peo ples life. This reason is the most fundamental reason that people are fond of sports news, while also it is a fundamental characteristic of sports news.Second, the coverage of the sports audience is extensive, which is unmatched by other news reports. formerly addicted to sport, regardless of ethnicity, national boundaries, gender or age, this hobby can accompany people throughout their whole life.Again, the content and style of sports coverage are free. One side is recreational sports coverage, it making far outdoor(a) from sensitive areas such as political ideology, so it has full coverage of space and the path of reporting. On the other side, sport is a common language around the world, just because of this commonality, so that peoples concern is not solely limited to their domestic sports, but also throughout the world. For example, the soccers English prime minister fusion, the NBA basketball and so on. This phenomenon which has now appeared in China is evident now, especia lly, sports reports. Concerning outside competition, which outnumber domestic reports.Finally, the modern media technology creates more sports reports, it includes a very strong sense of involvement, an sense of audience and provide a better reason for sports people to choose sport reports. Sports appreciation, audience participation and experience are the most common states of mind. With the increasingly sophisticated number of communication in the modern media, such as newspapers, magazines, text and pictures, television and radio live course of study, these pathways enable the viewer experience without leaving home to revel the same scene of the warm atmosphere and the real picture or sound. Moreover, television has slow motion function allowing viewers to appreciate exposit of the real world. Spectators can even be involved in the games at one time through technological methods are participated in the quiz.Generally speaking, all these reasons mean that regardless of the au dience of sports report, the sport content, or the sport environment and other news reports, sport reports have their unique advantages in comparison with other reports, hence the prosperity of sports reports can be said to be inevitable. The relationship between sports media and sports is also logical and close. However, in recent years, we can advantageously find the relationship between sports and media is changing, not just reporting and beingness reported this simple rule. Media began to hold sport events, Bailey and Johnson, the world-renowned flying trapeze war is a typical example, actually it was held by television station Another instance, in China the New Peoples Daily sponsored an event named Tianyuan cup go game in a recent decade and has a great catch In the western countries, the media magnate Rupert Murdochs Sky TV control the riddle of English Premier League. The European Super League Group embossed by the partners, media, and many famous football game clubs i n Europe are behind the network as a support, such as AC Milan support by Fininvest networks and Berlusconis media company, the Paris Saint Germain Club support by French cable television network and GANAN. To the extent of infiltration, media and Sport has been linked inextricably with each other.Win-win situation in the sport and media perseveranceIn Western countries, the sports industry originated in very early time when it see several years development. The sports industry has become huge. The management of sport grocery is increasingly mature and the sports industry in many countries has become a towboat industry for their national economy. In U.S, the sports industry is one of the most developed industries. In 1999, the sports industry output esteem over the petrochemical, self-propelled and aerospace, primary metal and wood processing industry and other classical industrial sectors current output in the same year. It ranks 11th in the national economy compared with ot her various sectors (Cheng, 2000) In Italy, football industry is the main body in the sports industry. It has belonged to the list of 10 national pillar industries in the late 80s in the twentieth century, the United Kingdom Sports industry output value reached 70 zillion pounds, also exceeded their output value of automotive industry and the tobacco industry. The government obtained revenue more than 2.4 trillion pounds from the sports industry, it equivalent to the government appropriation funds five times. In 2001, the global sports industry output value has reached an amazing number was 400 billion U.S. dollars. In sports as an industry, there is no doubt that profit is the first thing. To get more economic benefits, sports have to attract more viewers. Similarly, for the purpose of cost-effectiveness of the media, the news reports can be considered as an intermediate of their business products. As a matter of fact, this media product management will assemble the audience and t heir own pages or hours to sell them to advertisers, thereby, obtain more benefits from the revenue. In here, this sale is called the audiences attention resources. The industrialization of sports and media, they has been put together by attention economy, to coexist and prosper simultaneously. Sport is deemed as the most important source for the media, also it can be said that media create the public market place and the market returns are very essential support for the sport. On the other hand, sport requires accumulating popularity in itself, requiring to bonding degree, whilst it needs to own one professional skills and capabilities of narrow industry. In addition, it permits to have impact on the media industry. Consequently, the cooperation between the media industry and the sports industry is a natural, logical, win-win cooperation perfect combination. This kind of attention economy discards the previous simple relationship between reporting and being reported, close cooper ation and common development in sport and the media (Yu, 2002). In recent years, it can be said that western countries sports industry development nearly from the outset has branded a deep mark on the media. If develop one sport as an industry to, the first problem is the available development money. While, the media for the sports industry development contribution was stemmed from the Switzerland World Cup in 1954. The 1954World Cup in Switzerland created the first time television dish outing for the World Cup football game. In view of the value of football, the game attracts some multinational companies participation, such as Coca-Cola and Kodak. It stimulated this sportfootball and the football in the media development towards turn to prosperity. subsequently this sport and media cooperation, The International Federation of Association Football (FIFA) has gained the current 200 counties members from the original six member countries, meanwhile FIFA also is the largest internati onal federation. In the early 1980s, the organization of America National Basketball Association (NBA) quench was a heavily indebted organization and nearly closed down. but when Stern took office, he convened a group of experts in the field of law and television meanwhile he set up the television and media communication theory department. This step made NBA enter a successful and new era. In the end of 1980s, the NBA TV sales have been accounted for more than 55% of total revenue. In addition, with each new contract signed with NBA, their revenue could increase more than 50%. On March 11th 2004, American air Corporation (ABC), ESPN Sports Television mesh, America Online and Time Warner announced that they have collectively bought the television rights of America Basketball League (NBA) in next quartette years. This total contract value reached 2.64 billion U.S. dollars and it created a new establish of NBA television programme fees. The Montreal Olympic Games in 1976 and t he capital of the Russian Federation Olympic Games in 1980 all lost every cent invested therefore it was announced that the model of government funding to host the Olympic Games would stop. Up to 1984, Los Angeles was the only extend city to host the Olympic Games. The American businessman Ueberroth did not grant money from the government. He just relied on 700 million U.S. dollars from raise financing. For this reason, the Los Angeles Olympic Games could be considered as single-handedly organized. More importantly, this game made 215 million U.S. dollars net profit in the end (Kotler, 1993). This kind of mode from exclusive person to sponsors of the Olympic Game was called Uederroth modein the further years. In this mode, the Olympic television broadcast rights had the most opportunities to gain profit from it. harmonise to China Daily, one popular opposed newspaper in China, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) exhausted 22 billion U.S. dollars to win the TV rights for the 2010 Winter Olympic Games and 2012 pass Olympic Game in the United States on June 6th in 2003. In 1995, the NBC spent 15 billion U.S. dollars to bid the television broadcast rights for 2006 Turin Winter Olympic Games in Italy and 2008 Beijing Summer Olympic Games. The Moscow Olympics hold in 1980, the TV revenue was 87.9841 million U.S. dollars. The TV rights sales, TV advertising auction, and the income of commercial sponsorship all of these were take up more than 90 percent of the Olympic Game (Kotler, 1993). The common development space of sport and the mediaWith the progress of social civilization, sport has become an essential part of modern life. The relationships of media and sport have been reached an unprecedented level. Especially in the field of television, out-of-pocket to commercial packaging, it enhances the sports games entertainment and extends the range of sports audience that attracts more people who rarely o r never participate in sports. Under this background, the sport establishment bodies have to upgrade the issue of TV broadcasting to a high degree of strategic development of sports. Accordingly, the sports media are developing continuously. In U.S, there are more than 1500 TV stations, nearly 12,000 local radio sports programs by broadcast, and the sports programming audience who watching 179 hours in average in a year. Focus on print media, according to the data of SRDS market question firm, in 1996 the United States more than 1,500 daily and 7,500 weekly newspapers, majority of its have their sports pages. In addition, there have 19% of the total number of news journalists for sports report. Particularly, the three major U.S. television networks American Broadcasting Company (ABC), capital of South Carolina Broadcasting System (CBS) and National Broadcasting Company (NBC) for the competition, including the Olympic Games broadcast rights and other attention-grabbing battle, at t he same time some rising stars such as the Fox Broadcasting Company (FOX), United Paramount Network (UPN), Warner Brothers network (WB) and ESPN sports channel involved. In 1995, only three European broadcast sports television network now has more than 20 sports channels, they kept broadcast the live of sports programmed and sports video to 150 million cable channels and planet households (Samuelson, 1992). ConclusionRegardless of the media industry or sports industry, its development are appease just beginning, its potential of development and profit margins are enormous. Because of these, it attracts more look from investors to invest the sport and the media industry in the future. In China, the most straightforward example is the Chinese Football League. In 2003, China Football League title sponsorship fee was touched 140 million yuan (Jinghua Newspaper, 2003). Moreover, more and more domestic enterprises have invested in football and the amount of yearbook money increasingly . Shide is one famous Group in China, its investment in football more than 100 million in each year. Meanwhile, Chinas basketball, volleyball, table tennis, chess and other sport events are also have been launched the operation of commercial club system, this point attracting more investments. Therefore, both domestic and foreign researchers have described these two industries perfect combination is a sunrise industry, and they confirmed that this industry will have a prospect development in the future.The sports and media are all built on the attention economy and are called sunrise industry. Not only they have common political program for cooperation, but also they own the same market for future development. As a result, whatever in terms of capital investment or consider its own development, it can described as a marriage made in heaven. Especially Chinas successful bid to host the 2008 Olympic Games it is a great opportunity to accelerate the development of the whole Chinese sp orts media and sports industry. ReferencesAdrews, P. (2005). Sports journalism a practical guide. London, SAGE Publications.Hundley, H and Billings, A. (2010). Examining Identity in Sports Media. Los Angeles, SAGE Publications.Kotler, P. (1993). Marketing Management Analysis, planning, implementation and control. 6th ed., New York, lore Press.Lu,Y.Z. (2000). Sports Sociology in China. Beijing, Beijing Sport University Press.Real, M. (1998). Media Sport technology and the commodification of postmodern sport, in L.Wenner (ed.) Media Sport. London, Routledge.Rowe, D.C. (1999). Sport, Culture and the Media. 2th ed., London, Open University Press.Samuelson, P. (1992). Economics. 12th ed., New York, China Development Press.Schirato, T. (2007). sagacity Sports Culture. London, SAGE Publications.Schultz, B. (2002). Sports Broadcasting. Boston, Focal Press.Chen, S.T. (2000). Exploration of the American sports industry. International Advertising, No.11 edition, 2000.Jinghua Newspaper, (2003 ). A conference won 140 million naming rights. Jinghua Newspaper, March 7th. Yu, G.M. (2002). The reality of the Chinese sports media development and future trends. Beijing World Sports Forum, May 24th, 2002.Agencies. (2007). online. pass accessed 19 April 2010 at www.tsinghua.edu.cn/docsn/cbx/cft/xinxi/xinxi-shalong-wu.htmBeckham joins Real Madrid. (2003). online. Last accessed 19 April 2010 at http//news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/front_page/2998868.stmWang, Y.Q. (2003). online. Last accessed 19 April 2010 at www.tsinghua.edu.cn/docsn/cbx/cft/xinxi/xinxi-shalong-wu.htm